Do I Need to Cite a Passage Again Mla
MLA In-text Citations | A Complete Guide (9th Edition)
An MLA in-text citation provides the author's concluding name and a page number in parentheses.
If a source has two authors, proper name both. If a source has more than than ii authors, proper noun simply the first writer, followed by "et al."
If the part you're citing spans multiple pages, include the full page range. If you want to cite multiple not-consecutive pages at the same time, divide the page numbers with commas.
| Number of authors | Instance |
|---|---|
| 1 author | (Moore 37) |
| 2 authors | (Moore and Patel 48–50) |
| 3+ authors | (Moore et al. 59, 34) |
Each in-text citation must correspond to a full reference in the list of Works Cited. You can create and save your citations with the free Scribbr Commendation Generator.
Where to include an MLA in-text citation
Identify the parenthetical citation directly after the relevant quote or paraphrase, and before the period or other punctuation marker (except with cake quotes, where the commendation comes after the period).
If you have already named the author in the sentence, add only the folio number in parentheses. When mentioning a source with three or more than authors outside of parentheses, use "and others" or "and colleagues" in identify of "et al."
- MLA is the 2nd virtually pop citation style (Smith and Morrison 17–19).
- According to Smith and Morrison, MLA is the second most pop citation style (17–19).
- APA is by far "the most used citation way in the U.s.a." (Moore et al. 74), just it is less dominant in the Britain (Smith xvi).
- Moore and colleagues state that APA is more than popular in the United states of america than elsewhere (74).
Combining citations
If a judgement is supported by more than one source, you can combine the citations in a single fix of parentheses. Separate the two sources with a semicolon.
Livestock farming is one of the biggest global contributors to climate change (Garcia 64; Davies 14).
Consecutive citations of the same source
If you cite the same source repeatedly within a paragraph, yous tin can include the full commendation the outset time yous cite information technology, and then just the page number for subsequent citations.
MLA is the 2d virtually popular commendation style (Smith and Morrison 17–19). Information technology is more than popular than Chicago style, but less popular than APA (21).
You tin can practice this equally long as it remains clear what source you're citing. If you cite something else in between or get-go a new paragraph, reintroduce the full citation again to avoid ambiguity.
For sources with no named author, the in-text commendation must match the first element of the Works Cited entry. This may be the name of an organization, or the title of the source.
If the source title or organisation name is longer than four words, shorten it to the first word or phrase in the in-text citation, excluding any articles (a, an, and the). The shortened title or organization name should begin with the word the source is alphabetized by in the Works Cited.
Follow the general MLA rules for formatting titles: If the source is a self-contained piece of work (e.chiliad. a whole website or an entire book), put the title in italics; if the source is contained within a larger whole (e.g. a folio on a website or a chapter of a volume), put the title in quotation marks.
| Full source championship or organisation proper noun | In-text citation |
|---|---|
| Amnesty International Report 2017/2018: The State of the Globe's Human Rights | (Immunity International Written report 187) |
| "Sources of Greenhouse Gas Emissions" | ("Sources") |
| "A Quick Guide to Proofreading" | ("Quick Guide") |
| National Academy of Sciences and the Royal Academy | (National Academy 24) |
What tin can proofreading do for your paper?
Scribbr editors not merely correct grammar and spelling mistakes, merely also strengthen your writing past making certain your paper is free of vague language, redundant words and bad-mannered phrasing.
Run into editing example
Citing sources with no folio numbers
If a source does non have page numbers but is divided into numbered parts (e.g. capacity, sections, scenes, Bible books and verses, Manufactures of the Constitution, or timestamps), use these numbers to locate the relevant passage.
If the source does not use any numbering system, include merely the writer's name in the in-text citation. Don't include paragraph numbers unless they are explicitly numbered in the source.
| Source type | What to practice | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Source divided into numbered parts | Add a comma after the author and give a paragraph, section, or affiliate number with a relevant abbreviation. | (Luxemburg, ch. 26) |
| Play with numbered lines | Include the human action, scene, and line numbers, separated past periods, instead of a page number. | (Shakespeare one.two.95) |
| Audiovisual source | Include the time range as displayed in the media player. | (Wynn x:23–45) |
| Source with no numbered divisions | Include simply the author's proper name (or, if in that location is no writer, the shortened championship). | (Rajaram) |
Note that if at that place are no numbered divisions and you have already named the author in your sentence, and so no parenthetical citation is necessary.
Citing dissimilar sources with the same author name
If your Works Cited page includes more than one entry under the same last name, y'all demand to distinguish between these sources in your in-text citations.
Multiple sources past the same author
If you lot cite more ane work past the same author, add a shortened title to signal which source y'all are referring to.
(Butler, "Performative Acts" 522)
In this instance, the first source is a whole book, so the championship appears in italics; the second is an article published in a periodical, so the championship appears in quotation marks.
Different authors with the aforementioned concluding name
To distinguish between different authors with the same last name, employ the authors' initials (or, if the initials are the same, full commencement names) in your in-text citations:
(J. Butler 27)
Citing sources indirectly
Sometimes you might desire to cite something that you establish quoted in a secondary source. If possible, always seek out the original source and cite information technology direct.
If you can't access the original source, make sure to name both the original writer and the author of the source that y'all accessed. Utilise the abbreviation "qtd. in" (short for "quoted in") to indicate where y'all establish the quotation.
In these cases, but the source you lot accessed direct is included in the Works Cited listing.
Frequently asked questions near MLA in-text citations
- How do I cite information from a footnote in MLA manner?
-
Some source types, such as books and journal articles, may contain footnotes (or endnotes) with additional data. MLA style provides guidelines for referring to information from a annotation in an in-text citation:
- To cite information from a single numbered note, write "northward" after the page number, and and then write the note number, due east.yard. (Smith 105n2)
- To cite data from multiple numbered notes, write "nn" and include a range, due east.g. (Smith 77nn1–2)
- To cite information from an unnumbered note, write "un" after the page number, with a space in betwixt, e.g. (Jones 250 un)
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